Inovação no setor de mineração de ferro em Minas Gerais com foco na destinação de rejeitos
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The iron mining sector is fundamental to the economy of Minas Gerais, and the generation of huge amounts of tailings is a relevant environmental problem for the state. Understanding and structuring an innovation system to develop technological innovations for the disposal of these tailings is currently an extremely relevant topic. In this thesis, three topics related to tailings generated in iron mining were studied: (i) the existing innovation system in Minas Gerais with a focus on the destination of these tailings; (ii) the different technologies and applications existing in the scientific and patent literature for these wastes; and (iii) collaborative innovation platforms focused on the destination of these tailings with the case of Platform R3. Chapter 1 presents the theoretical framework on innovation systems. Chapter 2 describes the regional innovation system in mining activity in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero based on research in the specialized literature on regional innovation systems, sectoral analyzes, production chain, innovation in the mining area. It was also carried out a series of semi-structured interviews with different actors in the activity's production chain mineral, as employees of mining companies and companies that supply products and services and technical consultants. The results obtained indicate that mining in Minas Gerais has many important characteristics for the development of a robust Regional Innovation System. The mapping showed that there is a great concentration of the market, with one of the companies having almost 80% of the national production, with global operations. On the other hand, there is a diversity in the organizations of the Regional Innovation System, such as universities and public and private research centers, active development agencies, in addition to technical associations, unions and other organizations. The work also confirmed the great relevance in innovation of equipment and service suppliers in the mining chain, being the main patent filing agents in the sector. Another relevant aspect observed was the lack of public policies to stimulate innovation in the mining sector that could lead to the use of the tailings generated by mining as a second-generation raw material for other production chains. In Chapter 3, the generation of iron mining tailings in the world is described and the composition of these tailings with mapping through scientific articles and patents of more than 20 technologies for the transformation of mining tailings into products, in addition to presenting some real application examples. Mappings in the INPI, Worldwide Spacenet, USTPO, CIPO, APO banks showed that close to 61% of patents are for reprocessing, 29% for civil construction / paving and 10% for technological applications. The text also addresses a preliminary analysis of the path of these technologies to the market and evaluates two types of barriers: technological and market. Chapter 4 describes and evaluates the collaborative R3 Mineral Platform created to generate innovations for the disposal of iron mining tailings, which was an unprecedented movement in Minas Gerais in which different actors related to the mining chain participated. The text compares Platform R3 to two other international platforms, i.e. AMIRA in Australia and CEMI in Canada. For the R3 Mineral Platform, it is necessary to stablish a governance model and improve internal and external communication, and attract new participants, specially suppliers from the mineral extraction chain and associations representing the mineral sector. Chapter 5 presents the conclusions and contributions for future studies.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".