A multi-temporal and a multi-incidence angle polarimetric analysis over Samarra UNESCO site in danger
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present research is the prosecution of a previous study already presented and held in the frame of a PhD research that aims to carry out a methodology for the detection of surface and, possibly, subsurface archaeological structures by the use of the Canadian RADARSAT-2 satellite. The analysis focused on the use of six images taken in a period spanning from April 2012 and January 2013. All the images were acquired in fine polarimetric mode with different incidence angles varying from 26 to 43 deg, in order to test and verify the most suitable configuration for the detection of archaeological remains upon or beneath the surface. To test the validity of the methodology, Samarra area (Iraq) test site was selected primarily because of its location in a semi desert area, because of the bigness of the structures easier to be detected from SAR systems and, not secondarily, because of inscribed in the UNESCO site in danger list since 2007. This city has been the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate for a period of only 58 years (836-892 A.D) as Bagdad was the first. Mysteriously, it was suddenly abandoned and this rapid abandonment is the reason for which Samarra has today one of the best preserved plan of an ancient large city. The choice of using different incidence angles has been due to the possibility of individuation of the most suitable configuration for archaeological purposes in order to identify different scattering mechanisms recognisable thanks to the polarimetric technique. Additive information, such as meteorological conditions, archaeological maps and photographs, were used as support for a likely interpretation of the archaeological areas, as surveys in situ are still not allowed in Iraq.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".