Observing Ultra-Low Surface Brightness Objects In A Bright Sky Environment
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An array of $\mathrm{n}$ identical lenses operating simultaneously acts as an optical system that has an effective focal ratio that is faster than that of an individual lens by a factor of $\mathrm{\sqrt{n}}$, which enables imaging ultra-low surface brightness objects. Such optical system, when coupled to narrow-band line filters, offers the opportunity to isolate emission from targets while suppressing light from other sources, such as the sky. In this work, we report on the development of a fast focal ratio system consisting of two 400 mm f/2.8 lenses coupled with CCD cameras to observe ultra-low surface brightness objects in the light of H$\mathrm{\alpha}$ and [OI]. The system was used to search for missing gas around a dwarf spheroidal satellite of the Andromeda Galaxy M31 and to locate the transition zones of nebulae. This system was successfully used to observe ultra-low surface brightness objects in the severely light polluted environment of Toronto.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it