Solid particle erosion resistant hard coatings for gas turbine engine applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aircraft engine components, such as compressor blades, vanes, and impeller blisks/wheels, when operating in a sandy environment, can experience severe erosion damage due to ingestion of sand particles. As erosion progresses, the substantial amount of material removal not only leads to further aerodynamic losses but results in the structural weakening of blades as well. Replacement of the parts, whose erosion damage limits have been reached, significantly increases the maintenance and downtime costs. Applying erosion resistant coatings on airfoil surface has been proven as an effective approach to extending the serviceable life of gas turbine engine components. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the factors affecting erosion damage to engine components, the basic requirements that erosion resistant coatings need to satisfy, the various coating systems that have been developed with excellent erosion resistance, as well as the erosion durability testing techniques applied to evaluate and qualify erosion-resistant coatings. Several technical challenges related to the development of erosion resistant coatings are also briefly discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".