The Rights of Indigenous Peoples: The Constitutional Issues
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The 1982 Canadian Charter of Rights and Liberties clearly stated that both the federal and the provincial legislations were to recognize aboriginal rights: in relation to which it used two different linguistic expressions: existing rights and treaty rights. The recognition of community rights in Canada brings to light the tensions opposing the unique territorial and cultural features possessed by same groups and the movement favoring a universal expansion of rights in the name of equality. It is possible to show how difficult it is - especially with regard to fundamental rights - to search for a steady balance between the need to unify and the desire to enhance territorial uniqueness. An analysis can also point out how such balance should be strengthened on an institutional level, by virtue of specific constitutional means or formulas. Finally, it may highlight the instances in which social claims have been able to prevail over territorial claims, as well as cases when the rights to territorial identity have been acknowledged by derogating to universal human rights.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.017 | 0.041 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.007 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".