2-7 \tThe Politics of the Informal/Race and Belonging
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chair: Andrea Brown, Waterloo University\nVanessa van den Boogaard, University of Toronto (v.vandenboogaard@utoronto.ca). Informal labour taxes in Sierra Leone in historical context: Shifting norms of legitimacy and of state engagement with mandatory unpaid labour over time\nKenneth Kalu, Ryerson University (kenneth.kalu@ryerson.ca). Substituting for the State: Informal business apprenticeship scheme as a mechanism for inclusion and social mobility in Southeast Nigeria\nSamuel Senayon Olaoluwa, Institute of African Studies (samsenayon@gmail.com). Pan-Africanism, the Paradox of Xenophobia and the Question of Development in Africa\nKelly Cristine Oliveira Meira, UFMG (kellycristineomeira@gmail.com). Republicanism, Africans, and the Haitian Revolution
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.013 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.033 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".