Three strikes but not out: judicial losses and women's political activism ahead of the Charter
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis examines how the Canadian women's movement utilized judicial losses to achieve long-term political and social gain. The 'Lavell, Murdoch' and 'Bliss' Supreme Court cases of the 1970s were pivotal in galvanizing the women's movement ahead of the 'Charter of Rights and Freedoms'. Each case demonstrated the movement's growing frustration with the limited interpretation of the 'Canadian Bill of Rights', which was seen as inadequate in protecting the rights of women. These cases also helped to demonstrate the movement's discomfort with the perceptions, expectations and attitudes toward women, and challenged traditional gender roles both in the family and in the broader society. When the Supreme Court decided against the women involved in each case, the movement's strategy went from legal to political, and thus helped to reshape Canada's constitution. As a result, the women's immediate losses at the Supreme Court aided in achieving the movement's longer-term policy objectives.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.014 | 0.020 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".