“Where are you really from?” Gender, race, and subjectivity in the lives of Indo-Fijian immigrant young women in Canada and the United States of America
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Within Indo-Fijian immigrant communities in Vancouver, Canada and Sacramento, U.S.A., some young women have struggled daily with questions of who they are. This research documents ethnographically how they have created, constructed, and negotiated identities as a result of their experiences as immigrants in Canada and the United States. While these young women negotiated subjectivities as racialized young female immigrants in a multicultural, or diverse, society, their decision regarding where they belong on the racial hierarchy of North American culture is at the forefront of these negotiations. Drawing on my ethnographic research in the form of participant observation at a number of cultural and athletic events as well as in-depth individual interviews with 18 young Indo-Fijian immigrant women in Vancouver, B.C., and Sacramento, California, I discuss how subjectivity of immigrant girls is constructed as a result of conflicts around culture, race, nationality, intergenerational conflict, and gender. By focusing on young women I attempt to contribute to feminist insights within the study of youth by acknowledging the experiences of youths’ gendered lives. Subjectivity then, for these individuals extends beyond the choices of adapting to their post migration North American culture or remaining loyal to their Indo-Fijian culture. I propose that the racialized world of the youth denies these young women freedom to self-identify themselves. By using the native ethnographer approach as well as using auto-ethnography, I demonstrate that subjectivity is a complex and multi-faceted concept and, its expression is influenced by social domains, and that changes over time and space dependent on specific social situations, environments, and settings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.033 | 0.015 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".