Utilità dell'indice preventivo nella valutazione del grado di displasia dell'anca nel cane
Bibliographic record
Abstract
La displasia dell’anca (CHD) è una patologia ubiquitaria che colpisce la maggior parte dei cani di taglia media-grande e gigante. È una patologia multifattoriale, genetica ma non congenita, che si sviluppa durante l’accrescimento muscolo-scheletrico del cucciolo. La CHD ha un andamento progressivo, perciò incide sulla qualità di vita del cane a causa dell’inevitabile sviluppo di osteoartrosi (OA). Essendo una patologia genetica, è soggetta a diagnosi ufficiale dopo i 12 mesi d’età, ma ad oggi esiste anche una diagnosi precoce nel cucciolo che ha l’obiettivo di rilevare i primi segni di displasia consentendo di eseguire una chirurgia correttiva. Lo scopo del nostro studio è stato valutare la correlazione tra l’indice preventivo (o Total Score) misurato in soggetti < ai 6 mesi di età e il grado di displasia da adulti utilizzando dati sia clinici che radiografici. La nostra popolazione era composta da 11 cani di razza Labrador Retriever appartenenti alla Scuola Nazionale Cani Guida per Ciechi che sono stati sottoposti a visita ortopedica completa ed esame radiografico precoce da cuccioli e poi ad esame radiografico ufficiale da adulti. I dati ottenuti durante la diagnosi precoce sono stati raccolti in un unico valore che è il Total Score (TS= [AS+AR+(LI x 10) + DAR]), il quale è stato poi confrontato con il grado di displasia dello stesso soggetto adulto. In particolare, il TS presentava una differenza statisticamente significativa (p<0,05) tra i gradi FCI A e B, quando sono state analizzate le anche destra e sinistra separatamente. Negli altri casi, ha comunque mostrato una tendenza grafica ad aumentare, passando dal grado A al grado C. Hip dysplasia (CHD) is an ubiquitous disease that affects the majority of medium-large and giant dogs. It is a multifactorial, genetic but not congenital disease that develops during the musculoskeletal growth of the puppy. CHD has a gradual trend affecting the dog's life quality due to the inevitable development of osteoarthritis (OA). Since it is a genetic disease, it can be diagnosed officially after 12 months of age, but it is currently present an untimely analysis which aims to detect the first signs of dysplasia in the puppy dogs allowing to perform corrective surgery. The purpose of our study is to analyse the correlation between the preventive index (or Total Score) and the degree of dysplasia in adult dogs to highlight how important, effective and complex is the preventive evaluation of CHD. In this study we have analised 11 purebred Labrador Retriever belonging to the National School for Guide Dogs for the Blind who had undergone a complete orthopedic exam and early X-ray examination as a pup and then official X-ray examination as an adult. The data obtained during early diagnosis are collected in a single value, that is the Total Score (TS = [AS + AR + (LI x 10) + DAR]), which is then compared with the degree of dysplasia of the same adult dog. In particular, TS shows a statistically significant difference (p <0.05) between A and B FCI grades when the right and left hips are analyzed separately. In the other cases, it shows a graphic tendency to increase, passing from grade A to grade C.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".