The World of Organic Agriculture \nStatistics and Emerging Trends 2020
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Organic agriculture is practiced in 186 countries, and 71.5 million hectares of agricultural land are managed organically by approximately 2.8 million farmers. The global sales of organic food and drink reached more than 96 million euros in 2018. \n \nThe 21st edition of The World of Organic Agriculture, published by the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL) and IFOAM – Organics International, provides a comprehensive review of recent developments in global organic agriculture. It includes contributions from representatives of the organic sector around the world and presents detailed organic farming statistics that cover the area under organic management, specific information about land use in organic systems, the number of farms and other operator types, and selected market data. \n \nThe book also contains information about the global market for organic food, information on standards and regulations, organic policy, and insights into current and emerging trends in organic agriculture in Africa, Asia, Europe, the Mediterranean, Latin America and the Caribbean, North America, and Oceania. \nIn addition, the volume includes reports about the organic sector in Australia, Canada, the Pacific Islands, and the United States of America and brief updates for various countries in Asia. \nThis book has been produced with the support of the International Trade Centre (ITC), the Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO), the Coop Sustainability Fund of Coop, and NürnbergMesse. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinions of ITC, SECO, or NürnbergMesse. \n \n+++ Affiliates of IFOAM – Organics International order the book at a reduced price directly from IFOAM – Organics International . Tel. +49 (0)228 926 50-10+49 (0)228 926 50-10; HeadOffice@ifoam.bio; www.ifoam.bio
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.019 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.054 | 0.033 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".