THE DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A THREE-DIMENSIONAL VISUAL TARGET ACQUISITION SYSTEM TO ASSESS THE PERFORMANCE EFFECTS OF HEAD SUPPORTED MASS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rotary-wing aircrew in Canada and abroad experience a myriad of occupational risk factors that contribute to neck pain. Most functional assessment approaches relevant to evaluating aircrew neck pain are too reliant on static outcome measures and do not consider scanning tasks routinely required of aircrew. The primary goal of this dissertation was to describe the development and design of the three-dimensional visual target acquisition system (3D-VTAS) to facilitate the evaluation of dynamic, fast, goal-oriented head movements using a Fitts’ task paradigm. The secondary goal was to utilize the system to explore and understand how task familiarization affects performance and test-retest reliability, how added head supported mass (HSM) affects performance, and how the combined factors of HSM and whole-body vibration (WBV) influence performance, kinematics and muscular demand. The first study describes the development of the system, which included various system verification and validation activities. As anticipated, changes in index of difficulty appropriately influenced target acquisition time. Relative to movement planes of the head, we found that axial head rotations (yaw) produced the fastest target acquisition times compared to the sagittal plane (pitch) and two off-axis movement trajectories. After accounting for within-day familiarization, between-day test-retest reliability of the system achieved fair to excellent intraclass correlation coefficient results. The second study reports on the influence of operationally relevant HSM (helmet and night vision goggles) on three 3D-VTAS performance outcome measures (target acquisition time, time to move off target, and error index). Compared to the unloaded condition, added load to the head degraded performance and increased the time to move off target. The third study investigated the combined effect that operationally relevant HSM and vertical WBV have on 3D-VTAS performance, kinematics, and neck muscle activity. Exposure to WBV degraded performance. Peak muscle activity during off axis movements were consistently above 50% of maximum voluntary contraction for the right upper neck extensors; potentially indicative of muscular strain. In general, the results of these studies illustrate the potential of the 3D-VTAS to facilitate the assessment of rapid aiming head movements and thus understand the influence of HSM and other occupational risk factors on performance and function.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".