Discursos del uno para con el otro entre los que están y los que llegan a España y EEUU: encuesta de opinión
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Spanish society has begun a process of change that started in the USA a long time ago. In both countries-as happened in Canada, Australia and European countries such as England, France or Holland-one of the major reasons for this change is the arrival of people from other places with different languages, cultures, religions and ideas. The main aim of the present study is to investigate the attitudes and opinions among the current population and those that are arriving in both the USA and Spain. To carry out such a study, first, I will bring to debate sorne terminological questions related to the concepts of "multiculturalism," "cultural diversity," and "interculturality" through the presentation of the more commonly accepted models "of integration." Secondly, I will introduce the topic of the social debate on migration in the media as an introduction to the empiric study that will follow. Thirdly, I will present the results of the opinion survey carried out in both countries among people of different geographical and cultural origin during 2001 and 2002. Finally, and considering the results of the survey, I will conclude with the similarities and differences between the North American and Spanish realities in relation to the debate about the current population and those that are arriving and their influence on the development of the social, political, and cultural life of each country.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".