Étude des impacts à la tête chez les athlètes de cheerleading universitaire : étude exploratoire et validation d’outil télémétrique.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Non-contact female dominant sport such as cheerleading are widely understudied when it comes to head kinematics and impacts.Repeated head impact studies aim at male athletes practicing helmeted contact sport.Knowledge on the topic of repeated head impacts in female athletes, such as cheerleaders, could contribute to the male-dominant existing body of literature and increase knowledge on physiological effects of head impacts, including concussions.The study of accessible accurate and reliable device to quantify and characterize head impact will help widen the literature on head impact in understudied sports. Objectives:(1) Quantifying and characterize head impacts in university-level cheerleading athletes (male and female) during practice; (2) Validate the utilization a telemetric sensor (CUE sport sensor, Athlete Intelligence, WA, USA) for the study of head impact in sports without protective equipment, such as cheerleading. Methods: (1) In vivo, a total of 23 university-level cheerleading athletes (17 females, 6 males) with mean age of 21,70 2,03 and 4,87 4,59 years of experience of cheerleading participated in this study.They wore a headband instrumented with a telemetric CUE sport sensor for the duration of quatre cheerleading practices.All practices were supervised by a research assistant which ensure for proper functioning of the equipment and filmed for all impacts to be observer validated.(2) In laboratory, 63 impacts were vii produced on a 95 th percentile Hybrid III head and neck instrumented with nine accelerometers and two CUE sport sensor (above left ear and at center of mass (COM))to test the accuracy and reliability of the sensor. Results:In vivo, a total of 91 impacts over the spend of four practices were compiled.One athlete recorded 35 impacts over three practices which is equivalent to 6,07 impacts to the head per hour of cheerleading.88 impacts were below 66 g, one impact was between 66 g and 82 g, and two impacts were above 82 g.We recorded a mean impact magnitude of 15,14 g (19,74), with a median of 10, a minimum of 1 g and maximum of 141 g.All impacts were below 4 500 rad/s 2 , with a median of 777,30 rad/s 2 (208,95), a minimum of 420,50 rad/s 2 and maximum of 1 534,59 rad/s 2 .We recorded one impact with a head impact criterion (HIC) score above 1 000.We recorded a mean HIC score of 33,46 (131,75), with a median of 6,96, a minimum of 1,64 and maximum of 1 115,87.In laboratory, we obtained accuracy concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) for impact magnitude at 0,01414 (CI: 0,00682 -0,02146), for rotational acceleration at -3,21861E-05 (CI: -0,00026 -0,000196), and for HIC score at 0,002004 (CI: 0,001014 -0,002994).The CUE sport sensor non-helmeted has a reliability of 97,7 %. Conclusion:Head impacts are present in consequent strength and volume during cheerleading practices.The CUE sport sensor, although poorly accurate, is reliable to record impacts to the head in non-helmeted sports.Widening of our knowledge on head impact incidences in little-studied sports, non-contact sports and female dominant sports, viii such as cheerleading, is fundamental to allow for the creation of efficient sex-specifics diagnostic tools and the establishment of measure to allow for safe sport practices.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".