Importations indirectes canadiennes : analyse et discussion
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Le présent mémoire s'intéresse aux importations indirectes canadiennes pour l'année 2015 s'appuyant sur des données inédites collectées par les douanes canadiennes. L'analyse se présente en trois niveaux. Premièrement, nous montrons que les importations canadiennes en flux se font essentiellement de manière indirecte. Ces flux arrivent principalement à partir des États-Unis et de pays possédants de grands ports ou entrepôts. Deuxièmement, nous construisons un modèle gravitaire et examinons les déterminants de la part des importations indirectes canadiennes. Enfin, nous finissons par une discussion sur un éventuel choc qui pourrait nuire au bon fonctionnement de notre chaine d'approvisionnement tel qu'une fermeture de la frontière terrestre avec les États-Unis. Ceci affecterait grandement plusieurs secteurs de l'économie canadienne, principalement le secteur automobile, sachant que 53% des importations passent par la frontière terrestre. \n_____________________________________________________________________________ \nMOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : commerce international, importations, importations indirectes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.019 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.020 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".