Inclusive and differential cross section measurements of $\\text{t}\\bar{\\text{t}}\\text{b}\\bar{\\text{b}}$ production in the lepton+jets channel at $\\sqrt{s} = 13\\text{ TeV}$
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Differential cross section measurements of the associated production of top quark and b quark pairs, $\\text{t}\\bar{\\text{t}}\\text{b}\\bar{\\text{b}}$, are presented. The results are based on data from proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS detector at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of $\\sqrt{s} = 13\\text{ TeV}$, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $138 \\text{ fb}^{-1}$. Four fiducial phase space regions are defined targeting distinct aspects of the $\\text{t}\\bar{\\text{t}}\\text{b}\\bar{\\text{b}}$ process. Kinematic variables are defined at the stable particle level and distributions are unfolded to the particle level through maximum likelihood fits. The cross sections are measured in the lepton+jets decay channel of the top quark pair, using events with exactly one isolated electron or muon and at least five jets. The results are compared with predictions from several event generators. The differential measurements have relative uncertainties in the range of $2\\!-\\!50\\%$, depending on the phase space and the observable.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".