La natación sincronizada en Ontario entre las décadas de 1920 y 1950: género, belleza y deporte = Synchronized Swimming in Ontario, 1920–50s: Gender, Beauty, and Sport
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Resumen Este artículo examina la historia de la natación sincronizada en Ontario, con un enfoque específico en Peterborough, entre las décadas de 1920 y 1950. Dos factores explican el auge y la consolidación de la "sincro" como deporte femenino en ese período. El primer factor está relacionado con los cambios anteriores en el deporte femenino en el período de entreguerras, junto con el auge de la cultura de la belleza hegemónica moderna. A medida que la sincro luchaba por el reconocimiento oficial, los entrenadores y nadadores asimilaron los estándares de belleza femenina para generar popularidad para su deporte. El segundo factor está relacionado con el enfoque nacionalista en el desarrollo del deporte en las décadas de 1940 y 1950. La inversión financiera e ideológica en el deporte, dando importancia a la salud y la condición física nacional, permitió que la sincro creciera y prosperara. Como lo ejemplifica el club de Peterborough, estos dos factores permitieron que las mujeres canadienses tuvieran un papel formativo en el desarrollo nacional e internacional de la sincronizada como un deporte para producir cuerpos sanos y bellos. Abstract This article examines the history of synchronized swimming in Ontario, with a specific focus on Peterborough, between the 1920s and the 1950s. Two factors explain the rise and consolidation of “synchro” as a women’s sport in the period. The first factor relates to earlier changes in women’s sport in the interwar period, alongside the rise of modern hegemonic beauty culture. As synchro struggled for official recognition, coaches and swimmers embraced feminine beauty constructs to generate popularity for their sport. The second factor relates to the nationalistic approach to sport development in the 1940s and 1950s. Financial and ideological investment in sport as important for national health and physical fitness allowed synchro to grow and flourish. As exemplified by the Peterborough club, these two factors allowed Canadian women to play a formative role in the national and international development of synchro as a sport to produce fit and beautiful bodies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".