Nutrient intake and lifestyle patterns of pregnant Indigenous women residing in northern Manitoban communities: a pilot study for implications for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Planning maternal health programs requires a comprehensive understanding of maternal behaviors that are associated with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), as alcohol consumption is not the sole contributor. Compromised maternal nutrition is identified as one of the major factors contributing to FASD due to alcohol's ability to displace nutrients and interfere with metabolism. However, the information on the nutrition status of women at-risk of having children with FASD, is scarce, especially in Indigenous women. This study aimed to identify the dietary intake of nutrients important for fetal central nervous system development and examine if alcohol consumption influenced dietary intake in pregnant women. Through community engagement and partnerships with two northern Manitoba First Nation communities (Opaskwayak Cree Nation and Chemawawin Cree Nation), 59 pregnant women, ages 14-42 years, were recruited to participate in the in-person survey using the Nutrition for Two instrument. Information was obtained on participant demographics, dietary intake, substance use, pregnancy outcomes, and maternal health. Additionally, biological samples, urine, and plasma were collected for measuring metabolic parameters, fatty acids, cytokines, and mineral profiles. The preliminary findings of this study demonstrated that all participants were below the serving size in all food groups recommended by the former Health Canada CFG. A higher prevalence of inadequacy was observed for three key nutrients: folate, iron, and DHA for both communities. Maternal self-reported alcohol consumption was associated with increased intake of fat macronutrients (p<0.05) and decreased intakes of niacin, folate, choline, and calcium (p<0.05). No relationship existed between dietary intake and other risk factors. With respect to biological data, alcohol consumption during pregnancy presented a significant positive relationship with plasma glucose (p<0.05) and a negative relationship with anti-inflammatory cytokine, erythrocyte C18:2n6 and C20:4n6 (p<0.05). This pilot study contributes to the field of maternal health and nutrition by identifying the influence of alcohol consumption on the intakes of macro- and micro-nutrients in pregnant First Nations women residing in remote communities in Manitoba. The results of the present study could be utilized for maternal grass roots programming and future planning of community nutrition research.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".