Purification and Identification of Cell Surface Antigens using Lamprey Monoclonal Antibodies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The evolutionary distance of lampreys from humans in conjunction with their distinct antibody architecture is profound. Thus, lampreys may provide antibodies with specificity for antigens unrecognized by conventional mammalian antibodies. This study investigates lamprey based monoclonal variable lymphocyte receptor antibodies (VLRs) for purifying and identifying an antigen by tandem mass spectrometry. VLRs specific for clinically relevant cell populations were isolated. Subsequently, utilizing intrinsic VLR affinity, with or without covalent cross-linking molecules, for immunoprecipitating VLR protein antigens was tested. In one case, CD5 glycoprotein from Jurkat T cells was purified by a VLR; the antigen was identified by tandem mass spectrometry. Antibody specificity was validated by western blotting and flow cytometry. Furthermore, VLR binding to CD5 required multimerization of the antibody, indicating the individual VLR units likely bind antigen with low affinity. The study provides ‘proof of concept’ for human biomarker identification using novel lamprey monoclonal antibodies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".