Acetylcholinesterase-positive afferent axons in mucosa of urinary bladder of adult cats: retrograde tracing and degeneration studies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AchE)-positive \n\t\t\t\t afferent axons in the mucosa of the cat urinary bladder \n\t\t\t\t were examined in the present experiments. Smallsized \n\t\t\t\t dorsal root ganglion cells containing AchE \n\t\t\t\t enzyme activity were labelled by injection of retrograde \n\t\t\t\t tracer (wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to \n\t\t\t\t enzymatically inactive horseradish peroxidase gold \n\t\t\t\t complex) into the bladder mucosa of adult cats. Results \n\t\t\t\t show that 48.9% (901184) of the labelled ganglion \n\t\t\t\t cells possessed AchE enzyme activity. Following \n\t\t\t\t unilateral dorsal root ganglionectomy (L2-5, S 1-3), a total \n\t\t\t\t of 6619 unmyelinated axon terminals were examined \n\t\t\t\t in the bladder mucosa, including 691 degenerating \n\t\t\t\t axon terminals. Percentages (8.6- 16.1 %) of degenerating \n\t\t\t\t axon terminals in the ganglionectomized animals (1, \n\t\t\t\t 2, 3, 10 and 21 days post-operated) were significantly \n\t\t\t\t higher than those of controls (3.1%) and the 60-day \n\t\t\t\t post-operated animals (3.2%). Approximately onehalf \n\t\t\t\t (47.9%) of the degenerating axon terminals \n\t\t\t\t observed in the 1-21 day post-operated animals were \n\t\t\t\t AchE-positive. Further examination also disclosed that \n\t\t\t\t the population of the intact (not affected by ganglionectomy) \n\t\t\t\t AchE-positive axon terminals at 60 days \n\t\t\t\t (59.3%) was significantly greater than that of controls \n\t\t\t\t (45.6%). The AchE-positive terminals containing few synaptic vesicles were significantly increased \n\t\t\t\t in number in the 60 day post-operated cats. In \n\t\t\t\t conclusion the present study demonstrates that one half \n\t\t\t\t of afferent axons in the mucosa were AchE-positive. The \n\t\t\t\t increase in AchE-positive afferent axon terminals \n\t\t\t\t containing few synaptic vesicles may be derived from \n\t\t\t\t contralateral dorsal root ganglia resulting from sprouting \n\t\t\t\t following dorsal root ganglionectomy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".