God's Hat and the Highwayman's Shoes: A Gestural and Sartorial History of Seventeenth-and Eighteenth-Century English Trial and Execution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This essay examines a wide range of print sources in order to flesh out and to explicate those visual elements of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century trial and execution so central to understanding the ways in which authority could be contested, either passively or actively. Defiant courtroom and gallows sartorial gestures are situated both in the context of broader early modern beliefs regarding social hierarchy and legitimate authority and the burgeoning recent scholarship on the carnivalesque, weapons of the weak and the performative turn. The degree to which these counter-gestures constitute agency remains an open question; however, the ways in which such challenges were framed and expressed not only sheds light on larger legitimating social ideals but suggests a gradual but significant shift over the course of the long eighteenth century from a vertical to a more horizontal construction of authority.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".