A Tunable and Area-Efficient Delayed Fault Detection Circuit for Voltage Monitoring Systems with 10.19% Voltage Sensitivity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a tunable and compact delayed fault detection design capable of providing delays of 1 ms and 3.7 ms for voltage monitoring systems. The delay element of the fault detection control unit incorporates a CMOS thyristor with capacitance multiplier circuit, resulting in reduced silicon area and minimal voltage supply sensitivity compared to conventional designs. Delay times are controlled by self-biased transistors and switched with an analog multiplexer. Post layout simulation results show that the proposed solution has a$\mathbf{1 0. 1 9 \%}$voltage supply sensitivity and achieves robust functionality across all process corners with$\pm 0.25 ~\mathrm{V}$voltage supply variations over -40 to 125° C temperature range. Additionally, our design achieves a 94.27% reduction in capacitance area, occupying$14.5 \times 10^{3} \mu^{2}$. The presented system is implemented in$0.18 \mu ~\mathrm{m}$SOI process technology and consumes$509.8 \mu ~\mathrm{W}$of power from a 5 V voltage supply.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".