Sixty-sixth supplement to the American Ornithological Society’s <i>Check-list of North American Birds</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This is the 25th supplement since publication of the seventh edition of the Check-list of North American Birds (American Ornithologists' Union [AOU] 1998).It summarizes decisions made between April 25, 2024, and April 30, 2025, by the American Ornithological Society's (AOS, formerly American Ornithologists' Union) Committee on Classification and Nomenclature-North and Middle America.The Committee has continued to operate in the manner outlined in the 42nd Supplement (Banks et al. 2000).During the past year, Andrew W. Kratter left the committee.Changes in this supplement include the following: (1) 3 species (Anarhynchus alexandrinus, Accipiter nisus, and Monticola solitarius) are added to the main list on the basis of new distributional information, including 2 transferred from the Appendix; (2) 6 species (Piaya mexicana, Larus vegae, Larus smithsonianus, Myiarchus flavidior, Vireo swainsoni, and Turdus daguae) are added to the main list because of splits from species already on the list; (3) 2 species (Gygis candida and G. microrhyncha) are added and 1 (G.alba) moved to the Appendix because of splits from the species now in the Appendix; (4) 2 species names are changed (to Trogon tenellus and Xenops mexicanus) because of splits from extralimital species; (5) the English name and distributional statement of 1 species (Upupa epops) is changed because of a split from an extralimital species; (6) the distributional statements of 7 species (Lagopus lagopus, Streptopelia decaocto, Pachyramphus albogriseus, Nesotriccus murinus, Myiophobus fasciatus, Riparia riparia, and Carduelis carduelis) are changed because of splits from extralimital species; (7) 10 genera (Spilopelia, Tachymarptis, Thinornis, Tachyspiza, Astur, Neophilydor, Curruca, Pterorhinus, Luscinia, and Euthlypis) are added due to splits from or lumps with other genera, resulting in changes to 14 scientific names (Spilopelia chinensis, Tachymarptis melba, Thinornis dubius, Tachyspiza soloensis, Astur cooperii, A. gundlachi, A. bicolor, A. gentilis, A. atricapillus, Neophilydor fuscipenne, Curruca curruca, Pterorhinus pectoralis, Luscinia svecica, and Euthlypis lachrymosa) and the loss of 2 genera (Philydor, Cyanecula); (8) the English group name of 1 genus (Amazona) is changed, resulting in changes to the English names of 18 species; and (9) 6 species (Vanellus chilensis, Leucophaeus modestus, Hydrobates cheimomnestes, Milvago chimachima, Carduelis carduelis, and Volatinia jacarina) are added to the list of species known to occur in the United States.A new subfamily classification and linear sequence of species and genera are adopted for the family Columbidae, a modified subfamily classification is adopted for the family Laridae, revised linear sequences of families are adopted for the orders Gruiformes, Pelecaniformes, and a portion of the Piciformes, a revised linear sequence is adopted for 2 genera in the family Mimidae, and 2 families (Spindalidae, Nesospingidae) are lost due to merger with a family already
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.413 | 0.239 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".