Preorganization and Condensed State‐Dependent Photoisomerization and Varied Photochemical Reactions of Single Molecular Constrained Bis( <i>α</i> ‐Cyanostilbene) Liquid Crystalline Derivatives
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cyanostilbene derivatives constitute a variety of versatile molecular photoswitches and organic photofunctional materials, while prediction or control over their photochemical outcome represents yet a huge challenge. Here, in this work, two well‐preorganized single molecular constrained bis‐ α ‐cyanostilbene derivatives 1,8‐N‐2CNS‐C10 [1,8‐naphthalene bis(decyloxy‐ α ‐cyanostilbene)] and 1,5‐N‐2CNS‐C10 have been synthesized and fully characterized. Both 1,8‐N‐2CNS‐C10 and 1,5‐N‐2CNS‐C10 showed enantiotropic nematic liquid crystal (LC) mesophase and crystal polymorphism; more importantly, they exhibited distinct photophysical properties, especially the preorganization and condensed states‐dependent varied photochemical reactions. Specifically, 1,8‐N‐2CNS‐C10 in its U‐shaped configuration in solution or molecular aggregates, the reversible intra molecular [2 + 2] photocycloaddition predominates, accompanied by characteristic fluorescence color and intensity modulation, which is promising for fluorescent photoswitch application. In the bulk nematic LC mesophase, mainly photopolymerization occurs through the inter molecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction (irreversible); while in the crystalline solid state, the reaction efficiency is extremely low, in sharp contrast to the reported common nonliquid crystalline α ‐cyanostilbene derivatives, whereas for 1,5‐N‐2CNS‐C10 in its extended but somewhat twisted stretching S‐shaped configuration, in solution or aggregates, after a prerequisite Z / E photoisomerization, mainly photocyclization reactions occur. These findings provide valuable insights into the design of α ‐cyanostilbene‐based multifunctional photoresponsive materials and offer an in‐depth understanding of the underlying mechanisms of their varied photochemical reactions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".