Effective Technique to Prevent Failure of CFRP Confined Columns
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The confinement of concrete columns has been the subject of several experimental investigations utilizing a variety of methodologies.An elliptical concrete column confined with externally bonded carbon is an effective technique to improve the behaviour of reinforced columns and is considered a superior choice for rehabilitation.The experimental program of the current study includes 20 tests conducted on elliptical concrete columns confined with externally bonded carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (EB-CFRP) laminates.The purpose of the study is to assess how confinement efficacy is affected by the elliptical aspect ratio (A/B) and confinement number of EB-FRP layers.The tests involved a series of unstrengthened control concrete columns, and three further strengthened series, corresponding to one, two, or three layers of EB-CFRP sheets, respectively.For each series, five elliptical aspect ratios (A/B) with values between 1.0 and 1.6 were considered.In order to quantify the confinement level with the number of EB-CFRP layers as a function of elliptical aspect ratio, the results of compressive concentric tests were studied till failure.The findings demonstrate significant improvements in the EB-CFRP confined columns' ductility and compressive strength.In addition, this enhancement improves with the number of EB-CFRP layers, suggesting a proportionate link between CFRP layer' number and compressive strength.However, the confined columns' ductility and compressive strength decreased as the elliptical aspect ratio increased.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".