Preaching Pan-Africanism in Alberta: Reverend George Washington Slater, Jr. and "Our Negro Citizens"
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis showcases the presence and activism of the Black community in Alberta in the early 1920s through the life of Reverend George Washington Slater, Jr. (1872-1940), illustrating the lived experiences of African Americans and Canadians in the province. Rev. Slater was an African Methodist Episcopal preacher, socialist, and Pan-Africanist who migrated from the United States to Edmonton, Alberta in 1921. From 1921 to 1924, he published a column titled “Our Negro Citizens” in the city’s daily newspaper, The Edmonton Journal. I argue that Rev. Slater attempted to foster racial unity within the Black population of Alberta through the column and his work for the African Methodist Episcopal Church in the province, championing Pan-Africanism and Black self-determination for racial uplift and progress. In the United States, Rev. Slater was an active supporter of the socialist movement in the early 1900s and published columns in The Chicago Daily Socialist and The Christian Socialist, advocating for socialism based on the belief that it was the best way to bring African Americans equality and success. Upon migrating to Edmonton to expand the African Methodist Episcopal Church Rev. Slater’s socialist ideology shifted, and he focused on encouraging the Black community in Alberta to social, economic, and political activism for racial progress and equality among Alberta’s Anglo-Saxon society. The African Methodist Episcopal Church was a vehicle for racial unity and activism and supported Black community associations such as the Edmonton Universal Negro Improvement Association and the Phyllis Wheatley Woman’s Christian Temperance Union.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.032 | 0.014 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".