Stable isotope signatures and locations of Grizzly Bears (Ursus arctos) in British Columbia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Grizzly Bear Isotope data from Van Elslander et al. 2026. As a part of Van Elslander et al. 2026, we analyzed the stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen in over 2500 guard hairs from 1804 grizzly bears (1059 males, 729 females, 16 sex unidentified) sampled from across B.C. Approximately 900 of these hairs were shared by other researchers who wish to keep their data private. The remaining 1621 samples are included here. 593 bears were analyzed specifically for this study at the University of Ottawa Ján Veizer Stable Isotope Laboratory. Samples from 567 bears from this study were collected as a part of B.C.’s Compulsory Inspection database, while the remaining 68 were collected as a part of DNA-based population inventories. The remaining data were provided by other researchers and had been previously analyzed for carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios. Most of these data were collected using non-invasive hair sampling and identified to sex and individual using genetic techniques. Analytical methods for data shared by other researchers are available in their associated publications. See README.txt for a full list of citations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.008 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".