Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria with Antimicrobial and Auxin-Producing Potential: Toward Eco-Friendly Agricultural Solutions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Strains of the genus Streptomyces and the species Bacillus subtilis can produce secondary metabolites such as antimicrobials and phytohormones like auxins. Therefore, different Streptomyces spp. and B. subtilis strains were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against phytopathogenic microorganisms. The highest inhibitions against Clavibacter michiganensis by each genus was 100 % comparable to various antibiotics, while inhibition against Fusarium oxysporum was 39 and 20 % for Streptomyces and B. subtilis respectively. One of the strains from each genus with the best results was subsequently selected to evaluate their phytohormone production in submerged culture. The selected Streptomyces strain showed a maximum accumulation of 2.2 mg/L in Gause medium on day 12, and B. subtilis produced 1.6 mg/L at hour 72 in LB medium. These results suggest that the selected strains can be used as biocontrol agents due to their antimicrobial activity and their capacity to produce phytohormones that promote growth and crop protection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".