Associations between adhering to 24-hour movement guidelines and anxiety among adolescents across intersectional identities: KYRBS 2020–2022
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Identifying preventive measures for adolescent mental health is a global public health priority, as poor mental health heightens the risk of early death from related issues, including suicide. This study examined the associations between adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and anxiety among a nationally representative sample of South Korean adolescents, using an intersectional identity framework. Methods Data from the 2020–2022 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Surveys were analyzed. Adolescents aged 12–17 years were grouped based on adherence to guidelines: none, physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), sleep, two guideline combinations, and all three. Anxiety was the mental health outcome. Logistic regression analyses were conducted by intersectional identity groups, adjusting for age, academic performance, family economic status, and body mass index. Results Among 122,284 adolescents (48.3% female, mean age 14.8 ± 1.5 years), anxiety prevalence was higher in females. Sleep adherence was associated with lower odds of anxiety for both sexes, with stronger associations observed in males (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.38–0.66) and females with high academic performance on weekdays (OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.36–0.64). Stronger associations were seen in females from high-income families (OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.37–0.63). While SB adherence alone was not linked to lower anxiety, combined adherence to sleep and SB was associated with lower odds of anxiety. PA adherence was associated with increased odds of anxiety, particularly among females across academic and economic groups. Discussion Adherence to sleep guidelines was linked to reduced anxiety, highlighting the crucial role of sleep duration in anxiety management. This underscores the need to consider adolescents’ diverse backgrounds when recommending movement behaviors, warranting further investigation in implementation studies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.053 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".