Report of a Rare Case of Complete Crown and Root Fusion Anomaly in Posterior Mandibular Teeth
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dental anomalies refer to any deviation or disorder affecting the natural characteristics of teeth, which can be observed in both primary and permanent dentition. One such anomaly is fusion, characterized by the union of two adjacent teeth during their development, resulting in a single, enlarged dental structure. This condition can have various clinical and aesthetic implications. This case report examines the fusion of the second and third molars in the mandible and provides an analysis of the etiology, diagnosis, and management of this rare condition. Our patient was a 46-year-old woman who presented to the orthodontic office complaining of food impaction caused by the gap between her upper central incisors and the space between the second premolar and the second molar on the left side of the mandible. During the oral examination, the orthodontist observed that the second and third molars on the right side of the mandible were abnormally fused, resulting in an altered appearance. The initial diagnosis by the orthodontist was dental fusion, which was confirmed following a re-evaluation by an Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine specialist, based on clinical and radiographic findings. This fusion has not resulted in any clinical complications in the patient, but it may predispose to issues such as caries or periodontal disease in the future. Nevertheless, the collection of information and a comprehensive examination of the jaws using non-invasive diagnostic methods are essential for accurate diagnosis and ongoing monitoring of the patient’s condition. This approach will facilitate the proactive planning of necessary treatment measures and ensure clear communication with the patient.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".