Epidemiology of Hypertension in Psoriasis: An Analysis of Trends from 2006 to 2023
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Miao Zhang,1,2,* Jia-Le Chen,1,2,* Si-Wei Fan,2 Xiao-Ying Sun,2 Ya-Qiong Zhou,2 Ying Luo,2 Jiao Wang,1,2 Chun-Xiao Wang,1,2 Nai-Xuan Lin,1,2 Liu Liu,1,2 Xin Li1,2 1Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xin Li, Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Shanghai, 200437, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 21 6516178-3424, Fax +86 21 65162629, Email 13661956326@163.com Liu Liu, Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Shanghai, 200437, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 21 6516178-3424, Fax +86 21 65162629, Email 359549018@qq.comBackground: Psoriasis and hypertension (HTN) are known to be closely related. However, at present, no study has systematically examined the epidemiology of this disease pattern on a global scale.Methods: We examined six databases from their inception until November 1, 2023 and used the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to assess the quality of observational studies. Data analysis was conducted in R. Meta-regression, sensitivity, and subgroup analyses were used to evaluate interstudy heterogeneity. Egger’s test and funnel plots were used to evaluate publication bias.Results: We reviewed 200 studies involving 15,010,888 patients. The overall prevalence of HTN among the patients with psoriasis was 32.22%. Overall, South America had the highest prevalence of hypertension among adult patients with psoriasis (52.36%), the three countries with the highest prevalence were Serbia, Singapore and Brazil. The prevalence of mild and severe psoriasis comorbid with HTN was 31.71% [95% CI: 24.40– 40.05%] and 33.19% [95% CI: 27.17– 39.81%], respectively. The prevalence of HTN in psoriasis vulgaris was 29.71% [95% CI: 25.10– 35.15%], while that in psoriatic arthritis was 34.54% [95% CI: 31.27– 38.14%].Conclusion: Patients with psoriatic arthritis are more predisposed to requiring hypertension risk screening than patients with psoriasis vulgaris. More population-based prospective observational studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the coexistence of hypertension in patients with psoriasis.Keywords: psoriasis, hypertension, epidemiology, comorbidity, prevalence
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".