La protection des civils dans les opérations de paix des Nations Unies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A quarter of a century (1999-2024) after the express consideration of “protection of civilians” in the mandates of peace operations, United Nations multidimensional peace missions are struggling to convince of their capacity to effectively protect civilians in the countries where they are deployed. However, over the last decade, significant progress has been made on the legal, conceptual and operational levels. This thesis therefore attempts to answer the fundamental question of effectiveness, but mostly that of the efficiency of the mandates for the protection of civilians in United Nations peace operations.This thesis demonstrates that the protection of civilians in operations can be improved if it benefits from a firm and disinterested political commitment from States. Furthermore, because it is above all a positive obligation that must be implemented with due diligence, the protection of civilians in United Nations peace operations cannot prosper without asking all stakeholders, at all levels, to report and take responsibility for their failure to fulfill their obligations of protection, whether of a primary or secondary nature. In front of the security challenges of this century and the next, the alignment between the statements of national and international institutions and their actions will depend on the implementation of these measures.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".