Perinatal intimate partner violence in Quebec during the COVID-19 pandemic: victims’ help-seeking experiences and health and social care providers’ response
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Introduction Despite intimate partner violence (IPV) having increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada, it remains under-documented in the Quebec province. To partially fill this gap, this study sought to investigate IPV experienced by women in the perinatal period in Quebec and health and social care providers’ response in caring for both victims and their fetuses/children at the time of health restrictions. Methods The study adopted a qualitative exploratory descriptive design and involved eleven perinatal victims and eleven health and social care providers (HSCPs). Semi-structured interviews were conducted using in-depth interview guides. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Results The study showed the multifaceted dimensions of perinatal IPV during COVID-19. Spatial, psychological, physical, economic and sexual violence were reported by the perinatal victims. Further, we found that the type and magnitude of perinatal IPV varied greatly with the periods of restrictions. The study also indicated that perinatal victims faced spatial, institutional, cultural, geographical and perpetrator-related barriers to seeking help. For accessing formal and informal support resources, and escaping IPV, perinatal victims used diverse coping strategies. Additionally, we found that a wide range of barriers limited the ability of HSCPs to operate during the pandemic. However, to enable continued client engagement, they used several coping strategies such as remote working, hybrid IPV care (in-person and virtual services), close collaboration with other community organizations and pharmacies, food or gift card distributions; which reflects their ability to adapt and be creative to address challenges presented by the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion This study shed light on the necessity to improve the provision of health and social services to better prevent IPV and meet the needs of perinatal victims and their fetuses/children.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.012 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".