Acordos de livre comércio e exceção cultural.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
O Canadá, no processo de negociação da Área de Livre Comércio das Américas (Alca), tem procurado introduzir o princípio da exceção cultural, que já foi reconhecido nos acordos de livre comércio celebrados por esse país com o Chile e Israel. O Canadá propôs uma menção à diversidade cultural no preâmbulo do acordo constitutivo da Alca. A preservação e a promoção da identidade cultural é um objetivo fundamental para o Canadá em suas relações comerciais internacionais. Ao celebrar acordos comerciais internacionais, tem-se buscado assegurar a flexibilidade na promoção de objetivos culturais, mediante a adoção de políticas que apóiem a diversidade cultural. Tanto o Canadá como o Brasil dispõem de culturas únicas. Elas precisam ser preservadas em benefício do enriquecimento da cultura universal. Este artigo analisa o funcionamento da Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC), tendo em vista a incorporação da proposta canadense de adoção do princípio da exceção cultural em acordos de livre comércio.Résumé: Le Canada, dans le processus de négociation de la Zone de libreéchange des Amériques (ZLEA), cherche à introduire la notion du principe de l’exception culturelle, lequel a déjà été reconnu dans les accords de libre-échange célébrés par le Canada avec le Chili et Israel. Le Canada a proposé une mention à la diversité culturelle dans le préamble de l’accord constitutif de la ZLEA. La préservation et la promotion de l’identité culturelle est l’un des buts fondamentaux pour le Casada dans ses relations commerciales internationales. En célébrant des accords commerciaux internationaux, on cherche à assurer la fléxibilité dans la promotion d’objectifs culturels par l’adoption de politiques qui soutiennent la diversité culturelle. Le Canada et le Brésil ont des cultures uniques. Elles doivent être préservées, au profit de l’enrichissement de la culture universelle. L’article analise le fonctionnment de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC), ayant pour but l’incorporation de la proposition canadienne d’adoption du principe de l’exception culturelle dans les accords de libreéchange.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.015 | 0.011 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.020 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".