Atlantic Salmon and Climate Variation in the North Atlantic
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The largest component of natural mortality affecting Atlantic salmon populations in the marine environment occurs during the first year at sea. The juveniles are referred to as post-smolts during this period, which begins after their migration to the ocean and continues up until the first winter. The stock complexes for Europe and North America appear to have different climate-controlling mechanisms reflecting theorized differences in post-smolt distribution and ecology. The nursery zone for European post-smolts is located in the open ocean whereas North American post-smolts appear to utilize inshore habitats. Holm et al. (2000) described the distribution of European post-smolts from surface trawling operations in the Northeast Atlantic. The nursery is confined to a region within the Norwegian Sea, the northern extent of which would appear to be defined by current transport. In North America, post-smolts can be found in high numbers in the Labrador Sea during the fall of the year (Reddin and Short 1991). However, during the earlier part of the post-smolt period, i.e. through the spring and summer months, fish are also found in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, the coast of Nova Scotia, and elsewhere (Dutil and Coutu 1988; Ritter 1989; Friedland et al. 1999). Furthermore, North American stocks may not physically mix for many months after entering the ocean whereas it appears European stocks are concentrated in a single, albeit large, ocean area (Friedland and Reddin 2000). If in some years the North American post-smolt nursery is distributed along the coast, it would function in
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".