ABSTRACT UNIVERSITY OF LUND CAR SHARING NETWORKS ROLE OF CAR SHARING IN TRANSPORTATION
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Transportation within Canada plays a fundamental role in society; with mobility, people are able to interact (pursue leisure, conduct business, and transport goods), and access services. Personal vehicles are the main mode of transportation today and have many costs on society such as greenhouse gas emissions. Canada has recently ratified the Kyoto Protocol and now faces unique challenges of reducing emissions through encouraging sustainable transportation. Car sharing networks have great potential to sponsor emission reductions through reduced personal vehicle usage, without sacrificing personal mobility. Car Sharing is a sustainable alternative to the traditional personal vehicle. Car sharing is defined by a joint access sharing of automobiles that allow members to rent vehicles on an as needed pay per use basis located in urban dense neighbourhoods. Evaluating the role of car sharing and analysis in regards to sustainable transportation objectives are explored. This research defines sustainable development and its parameters to be inclusive of both a broad and narrow consideration. Car Sharing offers social, economic and environmental benefits. One social and economic benefit emphasized is an increase in equity within low income users. This equity may be achieved through increased affordability by shifting fixed pricing structures and providing an alternative to costly fixed capital (vehicle ownership) expenditures. Another advantage includes a reduced vehicle
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.247 | 0.090 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".