A LONG~ERM STUDY OF "MICROCELL " DISEASE IN OYSTERS WITH A DESCRIPTION OF A NEW GENUS, MIKROCYTOS (Go No), AND TWO NEW SPECIES, MIKROCYTOS MACKINI (SP. No) AND MIKROCYTOS ROUGHLEYI (SP. No)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Continuing long-tenn studies of oyster disease problems have been carried out over the past 26 years using field monitoring, gross, histologic, and ultrastructural pathologic methods. A microorganism of uncertain taxonomy was discovered in 1963 by J. G. Mackin in association with lesions and mortalities of Japanese oysters, Crassostrea gigas, from Denman Island, Britisll Columbia, Canada. Mackin coined the tenn "microcell " for this organism and described the parasite as 1-3,.m cells with small nuclei which occurred within vesicular connective tissue cells adjacent to characteristic abscesses. We are describing this organism as Mikrot:ytos mac1cini sp. n. in his honor. Similar appearing organisms were seen by the senior author in flat oysters, Ostrea edulis, from Milford, Connecticut, on three different occasions: 1) in oysters transferred from Milford. Connecticut, to Chincoteague Bay. Virginia; 2) in oysters transferred from Milford to Elkhorn Slough, California; and 3) in oysters trans-ferred from Milford to Oxford, Maryland, and held in recirculated sea water. The causative organism in these three episodes has been sIlown by electron microscopy to be Bonamia ostreae, the parasite that was implicated in recent mortalities in flat oysters in Europe. Similar organisms have also been seen in Olympia oysters, Ostrea lurida, from Oregon and in the Sydney rock oyster, Saccostrea commercialis, from Australia. Presence of the organism in the latter species is associsted with the winter mortalities originally described by T. C. Roughley, and the pathogen is here described as Mikrot:ytos roughleyi (sp. n.) in his honor. "Microcell " type parasites of oysters are associated with a complex of diseases that occur in Japanese oyster, Crassostrea gigas; Sydney rock oyster, Sac-costrea commercialis; flat oyster, Ostrea edulis;
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".