Detection of Trends in Ice Season Characteristics of New Brunswick Rivers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Analyses were performed on hydrometric data for 13 selected hydrometric sites in New Brunswick to detect trends in ice season characteristics (earliest and latest dates of ice effects on hydrometric records, the number of days with ice effect, freeze-up and breakup flows and the estimated number of break-up events each year). The coefficient of determination, r2, and the p-value for the slope of a linear regression line were used to assess the significance of any possible trends in the data. The coefficient of determination, r2, is a measure of the degree of relationship between two variables. The slope of the regression line depicts the average rate of change in a variable over time, and its probability indicates if the slope value is statistically significantly different from zero. In the absence of more specific information, the notation of a backwater effect in the hydrometric records was used to evaluate the beginning and end of periods of ice, the number of ice-covered periods and the duration of the ice season. The existence of a backwater effect is indicated in Environment Canada’s HYDAT database by the symbol “B”. It was found that trends in hydrologic data are beginning to appear in the hydrometric records. As the climate continues to change, trends in hydrologic data are expected to be more evident and statistically significant.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".