FROM GOLF AND SNO TO G: THE SUN AS A PROBE OF
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A standard model of the Sun calculated using the value for Newton’s gravitational constant’s G, 6.67259 10 −8 cm 2 g −1 s −2, that was reported in 1986 (CODATA) predicts that the square of the sound-speed has a relative difference of less than 0.5 % from the inverted helioseismic sound speed. However a significant discrepancy persists that is as large as 3 % between the predicted sound-speed of the standard solar model and the solar models that are computed with the latest measured values of G, 6.674215 10 −8 cm 2 g −1 s −2 and 6.67559 10 −8 cm 2 g −1 s −2. We conclude that the seismic data seems to prefer a lower value of G. Furthermore, we show that the solar neutrino flux from 8 B decay that has been recently detected at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory could eventually provide the key to the problem.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".