Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lake Macatawa in Ottawa County, Michigan has long been plagued by excess nutrients causing it to become hypereutrophic. Algal blooms and turbid waters characterize the lake. Historically, the Macatawa River has burdened the lake with phosphorus-laden sediment from upstream farms with drainage tiles to the river. As one of the most eutrophic lakes in Michigan, the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) developed a total maximum daily load (TMDL) for phosphorus in Lake Macatawa in 1997 (MDEQ, 2007). Since then, efforts have been made by local groups such as the Macatawa Area Coordinating Council (MACC) and the Macatawa Greenway Partnership (MGP) to reduce the phosphorus loading into the lake. A major area of focus in reducing phosphorus loading has become the Upper Mac on account of the runoff from farms there. In 2004, drainage tiles were broken, drainage ditches were plugged, 125 acres of wetlands were restored, and retention ponds were created in the Upper Mac (MGP, 2006). Additional retention ponds were added and a meander was re-engineered for the river from 2006 to 2007 (MGP, 2006). All of the work in the Upper Mac is expected to reduce phosphorus loading into Lake Macatawa by 16,230 pounds per year
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.603 | 0.271 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".