1 Franchising Social Change: Logics of Expansion Among National Social Movement Organizations with Local Chapters
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
National social movement organizations with widely dispersed local affiliates have been common since the turn of the 20th Century. And, they have continued to proliferate in recent years. At the turn of the 21st Century approximately one quarter of local U.S. SMOs were affiliates of national ones. Yet little scholarly attention has been directed at describing their common structural forms, the demography of those forms, or the contrasting organizational logics that lead their founders and leaders to prefer one structural template over another. The recent emphasis upon professionalized national SMOs has diverted attention from an exploration of the role that local affiliates of national franchise SMOs play in facilitating individual activism. This paper makes national SMO franchises and their affiliates the substantive focus and is motivated by an attempt to describe and explain the evolution of the population of national SMO franchises. After putting national franchises into context of the potential variety of SMO forms, I proceed to establish their prevalence of local affiliates among local SMOs with members. Then a number of key dimensions of SMO franchise structure are explored (a commonly recognized name and symbol,
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it