© The Hospital for Sick Children 2003 ARE MOTHERS WHO DRINK HEAVILY IN PREGNANCY VICTIMS OF FAS?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Consumption of large amounts of alcohol in pregnancy adversely affects the fetus and may result in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder. Because of the familial trend of problem drinking, it is possible that women drinking heavily in pregnancy were also victims of FAS through their mother’s drinking. Objective To examine the possibility that women drinking in pregnancy were also affected by alcohol use in their mothers. Method A cohort study was conducted at “Breaking the Cycle ” program in Toronto, where mothers of young children or expecting mothers with problem drinking and drug abuse, and their children are followed and treated. Women’s alcohol use, depression, alcohol use in pregnancy, as well as learning difficulties, and their mother’s alcohol consumption were assessed and compared to the general population. Results All 173 women who passed the first contact stage and were followed by the program were included in this study. One hundred and sixty-five women reported problem drinking, and 64 of them reported being raised by a mother with problem drinking. Rates of depression, learning difficulties, suicide attempts, drinking in pregnancy and criminality were 6-fold higher than in the general population, and their educational levels substantially lower than the Canadian average. Conclusions A substantial proportion of women drinking heavily in pregnancy were born to women who drank heavily. Their characteristics, including rates of learning, disability, criminality and psychiatric morbidity, suggest that a substantial proportion of them are afflicted by ethanol embyropathy. Further studies should examine these women directly for the diagnosis of FAS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.135 | 0.018 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".