*** * Forthcoming in MESA book **** The Backgrounds of Canadian Youth and Access to Post-secondary Education: New Evidence from the Youth in Transition Survey
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper exploits the unprecedented rich information available in the Youth in Transition Survey, Sample A (YITS-A) to investigate issues related to access to post-secondary education (PSE). The release of these data make it possible since the cohort was age 19 at the time of the third wave of survey in 2004, and therefore at the point of making decisions with respect to participation in PSE. We find that parental income is positively related to university attendance, although its importance is diminished once parental education is included in the estimation. Similarly, the importance of parental education on university attendance is diminished once high school grades, academic participation, and standardized reading test scores (i.e., PISA results) are included. We argue that these background variables an important inclusion into the model of PSE choice. How these characteristics are developed and the mechanism(s) by which they are transferred from parent to child is likely where future research, and resources, should be targeted.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.019 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".