RELATIONSHIPS OF LOWER SILURIAN STRATA IN OHIO, WEST VIRGINIA, AND NORTHERN KENTUCKY1
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Brassfield Formation, consisting mainly of carbonate strata, is overlain by beds of the Dayton Formation at several localities in southwestern Ohio, high on the east flank of the Cincinnati Arch. The Brassfield thickens eastward into the subsurface and becomes separated from the Dayton by an expanding wedge of shale and carbonate beds. The writer considers these beds to be equivalent to the middle and lower parts of the Noland Formation of Kentucky. The northernmost outcrop of the Noland Formation occurs in Adams County in south-ern Ohio, but in the subsurface it can be traced farther north into Pike County and thence northeast to Guernsey County, Ohio. The lower Plum Creek Clay Member of the Noland continues into northern Ohio and Ontario, where it merges with the Cabot Head Shale. The Brassfield Formation can also be traced in the subsurface from the outcrop in Adams County northward into the Manitoulin Dolomite of Ontario.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".