HISTORIC CHARACTERIZATION OF CHANGES TO THE FISH COMMUNITY IN THE AVON RIVER, NOVA SCOTIA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Avon River, which empties into the Minas Basin, has experienced significant pressures from human activities since European settlement. To date, fishes in the river have been poorly moni-tored and knowledge of the changes in the fish community through time is incomplete. Consequently, scientific, historic, archaeological and anecdotal data were compiled and analyzed to characterize the history of changes in the fish community. Data sources include scientific reports, archives, and local experiential and expert knowledge. This paper provides preliminary findings with emphasis on key anadromous species, particularly the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Twenty-nine local and expert informants were interviewed and over 200 documented sources of information were located. Preliminary analysis of these sources suggest that fish abundances have de-clined significantly since European settlement, with the most pronounced changes occurring in the 20th century. Atlantic salmon and other anadromous species were abundant in the river prior to the construc-tion of hydropower dams in the 1920s; subsequently abundances significantly declined. By the mid-1960s, small to fair runs of several species were still spawning in the river; however, after construction of the Windsor-Falmouth Causeway, anadromous fish populations further declined and it appears that salmon may have been extirpated. The causes of the declines are probably the cumulative impacts of numerous human and natural factors occurring in the river, the watershed, and the Bay of Fundy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".