Taxus baccata L. var. procumbens Loud
Bibliographic record
Abstract
General Description.—The common name most often used for Taxus canadensis is Canada yew. It is also known as American yew and ground hemlock; a common French name used in Quebec for this species is Buis de Sapin. This evergreen species is usually a low-growing, straggling nonaromatic shrub, with ascending branches up to 2 m tall. Branches often extend two-thirds of their length laterally before curving upwards. The bark is thin, scaly and red to reddish-brown. Twigs are green and alternately arranged, and winter buds are composed of imbricate (overlapping), lanceolate, keeled scales. The leaves are needle-like, on short stalks, and persist for several years. The leaf blades are spirally arranged, flattened, often in two ranks, linear, abruptly narrowed into a fine point, 1.2 to 2.2 cm long, with pale green bands on the under surface. The midrib is slightly elevated on the top surface. The leaves lack resin ducts. In winter, the leaves can be slightly reddish. Being a gymnosperm, Canada yew lacks true flowers or fruits. It does produce pollen and seeds, on separate plants (dioecious) or on the same plant (monoecious) in axillary cones. The pollen is produced by the male cones, which appear as stalked heads and mature in the first season. Each male cone is a compound of four to 16 reduced, stalked, specialized leaves called sporophylls. The stalk is attached to the center of the sporophyll (i.e. they are peltate). Each sprophyll produces two to nine pollen sacs (sporangia) where the pollen is produced. The pollen is spherical and lacks wings. The female cones are reduced, subtended by a series of small, inconspicuous bracts. Each cone produces one ovule that develops into a single seed, maturing in one season. The seeds are brown, flattened, slightly broader than long, 4 to 5 mm long. Each seed is surrounded by a fleshy, scarlet, cup-shaped aril that is open at the top, exposing the seed. Inside the aril is a clear, mucilaginous liquid called albumen (Fernald 1950,
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.030 | 0.017 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".