Internationalization of the Curriculum: A Remedy for International Students’ Academic Adjustment Difficulties? Unpublished final paper for the degree of
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Internationalization of the Curriculum ii International student recruitment is an important internationalization initiative of post-secondary institutions in Canada and around the world. International students ’ diverse cultural backgrounds, experiences, and learning styles may not be met by the traditional, Euro-centric curriculum and pedagogy inherent in most Western post-secondary institutions. This paper critically examines whether 'internationalizing the curriculum', or incorporating an international and intercultural dimension into the curriculum and pedagogy of Western educational institutions, provides a more inclusive learning environment for international students and improves their chances for academic success. It includes a discussion of the academic challenges facing international students; the challenges inherent in the curricular reform process; the roles of the stakeholders; and the rationale, tenets, and approaches underlying internationalizing the curriculum. The research indicates that although the infusion approach to internationalizing the curriculum is the most-widely used in Canadian post-secondary institutions, the more culturally
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.014 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".