IceSynth II: Synthesis of SAR sea-ice imagery using region-based local conditional posterior sampling
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract—A novel method for synthesizing synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sea-ice imagery named IceSynth II is presented. A Markov random field model is assumed, and a conditional sampling approach is used to learn local conditional posterior probability distributions on a regional basis. Synthetic SAR sea-ice images and the associated ground-truth segmentations are generated using a region-based posterior sampling approach. Experimental results using single-polarization RADARSAT-1 and dual-polarization RADARSAT-2 SAR sea-ice imagery provided by the Canadian Ice Service show that IceSynth II is capable of producing SAR sea-ice imagery that is more realistic than existing approaches. The synthesized images are well suited for performing systematic and reliable objective evaluation of SAR sea-ice image segmentation methods. Index Terms—Conditional, Markov random field (MRF), multivariate region growing, posterior sampling, sea ice, synthesis, synthetic aperture radar (SAR). I.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".