Utah Economic and Business Review Bureau of Economic and Business Research
Bibliographic record
Abstract
become increasingly dependent upon imported petroleum to meet demand. In 1985, the United States produced 3.3 billion barrels of crude oil, by 2004, domestic crude oil production had dropped to 2.0 billion barrels. Simultaneously, net imports of crude oil increased from 1.1 billion barrels in 1985 to 3.7 billion barrels in 2004. This drop in domestic crude oil production coupled with the rise in net imports resulted in the percentage of the country’s crude oil supply accounted for by imports rising from 25.0 percent in 1985 to 64.8 percent in 2004. • Crude oil production in Utah has been declining for the past several decades. Utah crude oil production peaked at 41.1 million barrels in 1985 and declined to a low of 13.1 million barrels in 2003 before recovering slightly to 14.8 million barrels in 2004. This drop in crude oil production is not unique to Utah. During the past two decades, the only area of the country that has experienced a rise in crude oil production is offshore in the Gulf of Mexico. The 31 oil-producing states and offshore Pacific Coast have all seen declining production. • Utah’s crude oil production is insufficient to meet the state’s demand, resulting in imports to the state from other areas. The states five oil refinery’s have an annual capacity of about 61 million barrels of crude oil, compared to the state’s production of about 15 million barrels. Crude oil is imported from Colorado, Wyoming and Canada, while crude produced in the southeastern portion of the state is exported to New Mexico for refining. • The recent increase in the price of oil, from a low of $11 per barrel at the end of 1998 to a recent price of in excess of $60 per barrel, is stimulating increased oil production in Utah. Crude oil production in Utah for 2004 was up 13 percent from 2003 levels. Similarly, 229 producing oil
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.014 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.012 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.297 | 0.362 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".