Bibliographic record
Abstract
Kingston is located at the eastern end of Lake Ontario (Fig. 1) where the St. Lawrence River leaves the lake, draining the waters of the Great Lakes into the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The transition from lake to river occurs east of Kingston Harbour, where the nearly flat-lying Early Paleozoic limestones, rimming the eastern Lake Ontario basin, border against a NW-SE trending, low ridge of Precambrian rocks, locally known as the Frontenac Arch (Fig.1) which connects the southeastern Ontario part of the Canadian Shield with the Adirondack Massif of northern New York State. As seen in cross-section, Precambrian basement rocks are flanked by flat-lying to gently dipping Cambro-Ordovician sedimentary cover rocks of the Ottawa embayment of the Central St. Lawrence Platform, in the northeast, and the Western St. Lawrence Platform, with the Lake Ontario basin, in the southwest (Fig. 2). The basement rocks form a resistant bedrock sill over which the St. Lawrence River flows northeast-ward from Lake Ontario, creating the "Thousand Islands", a well known tourist and cottage region along the international border that now also includes a National Park.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.019 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".