An Interactive Version of the PBGUNS Program for the Simulation of Axisymmetric and 2-D, Electron and Ion Beams and Guns.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PBGUNS, a program for the simulation of ion and electron beam extraction systems has been modified to permit their interactive design on an IBM-PC. The program can be interrupted after any relaxation cycle and its electrode configuration, and most other parameters, modified. A graphical interface is used in the modification of the electrodes on the screen without exiting the program or having to save (or restore) binary data. The program uses previous results to speed convergence of the new configuration and is quite tolerant of significant changes in electrodes and/or potentials. It is written in FORTRAN 77 (with DOS extenders) and can be run on any high end PC with at least 16 MBytes of memory. I. INTRODUCTION PBGUNS, a relaxation program including space charge and some thermal effects, was originally described at the 1993 ICOPS (Vancouver). It simulates virtually any type of axisymmetric or 2-D, relativistic or non-relativistic electron or, positive or negative, plasma, thermal, o...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.101 | 0.020 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".